電(dian)工(gong)(gong)屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)高危工(gong)(gong)種(zhong)，在我國(guo)，對電(dian)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)監管(guan)非常嚴格，監管(guan)部門(men)(men)比較多，主(zhu)要表現在電(dian)工(gong)(gong)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書的(de)(de)區別(bie)上(shang)，一(yi)般人(ren)(ren)只(zhi)知(zhi)道(dao)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)憑(ping)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書上(shang)崗，卻不知(zhi)道(dao)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書也由于(yu)(yu)具(ju)體工(gong)(gong)種(zhong)劃分的(de)(de)不同(tong)以(yi)及頒(ban)發部門(men)(men)的(de)(de)不同(tong)而(er)有(you)(you)所區別(bie)。其(qi)中，適用范(fan)圍最廣的(de)(de)為(wei)《特(te)種(zhong)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)操作(zuo)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)》，也就是電(dian)工(gong)(gong)口中的(de)(de)上(shang)崗證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，無此證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)不得進行(xing)任何電(dian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)次是《職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資格證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)》，也就是俗稱(cheng)的(de)(de)等級證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)。另(ling)有(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)此為(wei)職(zhi)稱(cheng)，實則誤解，此證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)為(wei)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)水(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)明，作(zuo)為(wei)用人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)確定人(ren)(ren)員崗位(wei)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要依(yi)(yi)據(ju)，依(yi)(yi)據(ju)相(xiang)關法律，此證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)亦屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)上(shang)崗必(bi)須(xu)持(chi)有(you)(you)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)件之一(yi)。還有(you)(you)《電(dian)工(gong)(gong)進網作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)許可證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)》，性質屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)國(guo)家電(dian)網行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內部認可的(de)(de)上(shang)崗證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，適用范(fan)圍有(you)(you)限，但諸多無關用人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)卻要求電(dian)工(gong)(gong)持(chi)有(you)(you)，應屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)用人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)人(ren)(ren)事部門(men)(men)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務水(shui)平(ping)問題。除以(yi)上(shang)常見三種(zhong)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)件，還有(you)(you)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)協會、建設部門(men)(men)等機構頒(ban)發的(de)(de)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，但有(you)(you)效性遠不能同(tong)以(yi)上(shang)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)件相(xiang)比。以(yi)下(xia)三種(zhong)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)件詳解： 職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資格證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書

職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)資格證(zheng)(zheng)書是(shi)(shi)表明勞(lao)動(dong)者具有從(cong)事某一(yi)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)所(suo)必備的(de)學(xue)識和技能的(de)證(zheng)(zheng)明。它是(shi)(shi)勞(lao)動(dong)者求(qiu)職(zhi)、任職(zhi)、開業(ye)(ye)的(de)資格憑證(zheng)(zheng)，是(shi)(shi)用人單位招聘、錄用勞(lao)動(dong)者的(de)主要依(yi)據；也是(shi)(shi)境外就業(ye)(ye)、對外勞(lao)務合作人員辦理技能水平公(gong)證(zheng)(zheng)的(de)有效(xiao)證(zheng)(zheng)件(jian)。

國家職業資格等級(ji)分為(wei)初級(ji)（五級(ji)）、中(zhong)級(ji)（四(si)級(ji)）、高級(ji)（三(san)級(ji)）、技(ji)師（二(er)級(ji)）、高級(ji)技(ji)師（一(yi)級(ji)）共(gong)五個(ge)等級(ji)。

國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)資格(ge)證(zheng)書(shu)(shu)同行業(ye)、協(xie)會(hui)等其(qi)它機(ji)構組織頒(ban)(ban)(ban)發的(de)(de)(de)證(zheng)書(shu)(shu)最(zui)大區別在(zai)于：國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)資格(ge)證(zheng)書(shu)(shu)是通過國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)法律、法令和(he)行政(zheng)法規的(de)(de)(de)形式，按照國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)制定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)標準或任(ren)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資格(ge)條件(jian)，以政(zheng)府(fu)的(de)(de)(de)力量來推行，由政(zheng)府(fu)認定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)考核鑒(jian)定(ding)機(ji)構——各省市區勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)保障(zhang)廳職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)鑒(jian)定(ding)中心(xin)來組織實(shi)施的(de)(de)(de)，對(dui)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)水(shui)平或職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)資格(ge)進(jin)行客觀(guan)公正、科學規范(fan)的(de)(de)(de)評價和(he)鑒(jian)定(ding)，對(dui)合格(ge)者頒(ban)(ban)(ban)發相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)資格(ge)證(zheng)書(shu)(shu)。職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)資格(ge)證(zheng)書(shu)(shu)是勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者具有(you)從事某(mou)一職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)所必備的(de)(de)(de)學識和(he)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)證(zheng)明。它是勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者求職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、任(ren)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、開業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)資格(ge)憑證(zheng)，是用(yong)人單位招(zhao)聘(pin)、錄(lu)用(yong)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)依(yi)據(ju)，也(ye)是境外就業(ye)、對(dui)外勞(lao)(lao)務合作人員(yuan)辦理技(ji)(ji)能(neng)水(shui)平公證(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)效(xiao)證(zheng)件(jian)，是在(zai)全國(guo)范(fan)圍(wei)內通用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)證(zheng)書(shu)(shu)，而行業(ye)、協(xie)會(hui)等其(qi)它機(ji)構組織頒(ban)(ban)(ban)發的(de)(de)(de)證(zheng)書(shu)(shu)則不具備上(shang)述(shu)特點。

特種作業操作證

2010年7月1日起(qi)施行的(de)(de)《特(te)種(zhong)作(zuo)業(ye)人(ren)員安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技術(shu)(shu)培訓考核管理規(gui)(gui)定》規(gui)(gui)定，特(te)種(zhong)作(zuo)業(ye)是指容(rong)易發生事故(gu)，對操(cao)作(zuo)者本(ben)人(ren)、他(ta)人(ren)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)健康及設(she)備、設(she)施的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)可能造(zao)成(cheng)重大危害的(de)(de)作(zuo)業(ye)。特(te)種(zhong)作(zuo)業(ye)人(ren)員必須(xu)經專門的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技術(shu)(shu)培訓并考核合(he)格，取(qu)得《中華人(ren)民(min)共和(he)國特(te)種(zhong)作(zuo)業(ye)操(cao)作(zuo)證(zheng)》（以下簡稱(cheng)特(te)種(zhong)作(zuo)業(ye)操(cao)作(zuo)證(zheng)）后，方可上崗作(zuo)業(ye)。特(te)種(zhong)作(zuo)業(ye)操(cao)作(zuo)證(zheng)有效期為(wei)6年，在全(quan)(quan)國范圍內(nei)有效。特(te)種(zhong)作(zuo)業(ye)操(cao)作(zuo)證(zheng)每3年復審(shen)1次。

特種作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業目(mu)錄規(gui)定(ding)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業指對電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)(bei)進行(xing)運(yun)行(xing)、維護(hu)(hu)、安裝、檢修、改造、施工(gong)(gong)、調(diao)試(shi)等作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業（不含(han)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統進網作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業）。分高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業:指對1千伏（kV）及以上的(de)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器設(she)備(bei)(bei)進行(xing)運(yun)行(xing)、維護(hu)(hu)、安裝、檢修、改造、施工(gong)(gong)、調(diao)試(shi)、試(shi)驗(yan)及絕緣工(gong)(gong)、器具進行(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業；低壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業：指對1千伏（kV）以下的(de)低壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器設(she)備(bei)(bei)進行(xing)安裝、調(diao)試(shi)、運(yun)行(xing)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)、維護(hu)(hu)、檢修、改造施工(gong)(gong)和試(shi)驗(yan)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業;防(fang)爆(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業:指對各種防(fang)爆(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)(bei)進行(xing)安裝、檢修、維護(hu)(hu)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業。適(shi)用于(yu)除煤礦井下以外的(de)防(fang)爆(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業。

進網作業許可證

2006年3月1日(ri)起施行(xing)的(de)《電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)網(wang)(wang)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)許(xu)(xu)可(ke)(ke)證(zheng)管理辦法》（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)監會15號(hao)令(ling)）規定，進(jin)網(wang)(wang)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是在用戶(hu)的(de)受電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)或(huo)者(zhe)送電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)上，從事電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)安裝(zhuang)、試驗、檢(jian)修、運行(xing)等作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)的(de)人員。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)網(wang)(wang)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)許(xu)(xu)可(ke)(ke)證(zheng)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具有進(jin)網(wang)(wang)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)資格的(de)有效證(zheng)件。進(jin)網(wang)(wang)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)當按(an)照本(ben)辦法的(de)規定取得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)網(wang)(wang)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)許(xu)(xu)可(ke)(ke)證(zheng)并注冊。未取得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)網(wang)(wang)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)許(xu)(xu)可(ke)(ke)證(zheng)或(huo)者(zhe)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)網(wang)(wang)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)許(xu)(xu)可(ke)(ke)證(zheng)未注冊的(de)人員，不得進(jin)網(wang)(wang)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)。

電工進網作(zuo)業許可(ke)證分為(wei)低壓(ya)(ya)、高壓(ya)(ya)和特種(zhong)三個類(lei)別。

取得(de)低壓類電(dian)工進(jin)網作(zuo)業許(xu)可證(zheng)的，可以(yi)從事0.4千(qian)伏(fu)以(yi)下電(dian)壓等(deng)級電(dian)氣安裝、檢修、運行等(deng)低壓作(zuo)業。

取(qu)得高壓類電工進網作(zuo)業許可證的，可以從事所有電壓等(deng)級電氣安裝(zhuang)、檢修、運行等(deng)作(zuo)業。

取得特種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)電(dian)(dian)工進網(wang)作業(ye)許可證的，可以在(zai)受(shou)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)或者(zhe)送電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)上從事(shi)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)試驗、二(er)次安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)調(diao)試、電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)作業(ye)等特種(zhong)(zhong)作業(ye)。

電工(gong)進網(wang)作業許(xu)可(ke)(ke)證應(ying)當到許(xu)可(ke)(ke)機關注(zhu)冊(ce)。注(zhu)冊(ce)分為(wei)初始注(zhu)冊(ce)和續(xu)期(qi)注(zhu)冊(ce)。注(zhu)冊(ce)有效期(qi)為(wei)3年。